QUIZ PRE TEST FOR THE BODY’S DEFENSES ( IMUNE SYSTEM)

QUIZ PRE TEST FOR THE BODY’S DEFENSES ( IMUNE SYSTEM)

1.Which of the following could be considered a nonspecific defense?
A. Intact skin creates a barrier that cannot normally be penetrated by bacteria or viruses.
B. Secretions from sebaceous and sweat glands give the skin an acidic pH that prevents bacterial colonization.
C. Tears, saliva, and mucous secretions contain lysozyme, an enzyme that digests the bacterial cell wall.
D. Mucus traps microbes and other particles that contact it.
E. all of the above


2.Tissue macrophages _____.
A.begin their lives as neutrophils
B.have short life spans because they self-destruct after engulfing foreign invaders
C.originate from monocytes that leave the circulation and enter the tissues
D.are most effective against parasites
E.do not attack microorganisms directly; instead, they destroy virus-infected body cells

3.An antigen is _____.
A.a protein molecule that helps defend the body against disease
B.a type of white blood cell
C.an invading virus or bacterium
D.a foreign molecule that evokes a specific response by a lymphocyte
E.a body cell attacked by an invading microorganism


4.How do memory cells differ from effector cells?
A.Memory cells are more numerous.
B.Memory cells are responsible for the primary immune response.
C.Memory cells combat antigens; effector cells do not.
D.Memory cells live longer.
E.Memory cells are capable of producing antibodies.


5.Tissues are typed before an organ transplant to make sure that the _____ of donor and recipient match as closely as possible.
A.T cells
B.Antibodies
C.MHC (major histocompatibility complex) proteins
D.histamines
E.B cells


6.The biggest difference between cell-mediated immunity and humoral immunity is _____.
A.how long their protection lasts
B.whether a subsequent secondary immune response can occur
C.whether clonal selection occurs
D.how they respond to and dispose of invaders
E.how fast they can respond to an invader


7.Helper T cells are part of _____.
A.cell-mediated immune response
B.the first line of defense
C.the complement system
D.a group of phagocytic white blood cells
E.all of these


8.The role of cytotoxic T cells is to attack _____.
A.body cells that have been infected
B.Antibodies
C.proteins circulating in the body fluids
D.specific viruses and bacteria
E.complements


9.Viruses and bacteria in body fluids are attacked by _____.
A.antibodies from B cells
B.cytotoxic T cells
C.complement proteins
D.helper T cells
E.antigens


10.Which of the following cell types does HIV preferentially infect?
A.cytotoxic T cells
B.natural killer cells
C.helper T cells
D.plasma cells
E.memory cells